Generating Documentation in JSON format

Stencil supports automatically generating README files in your project which pull in JSDoc comments and provide a straightforward way to document your components.

If you need more flexibility, Stencil can also write documentation to a JSON file which you could use for a custom downstream documentation website.

You can try this out is using the --docs-json CLI flag like so:

stencil build --docs-json path/to/docs.json

You can also add the docs-json output target to your project's configuration file in order to auto-generate this file every time you build:

stencil.config.ts

import { Config } from '@stencil/core';

export const config: Config = {
  outputTargets: [
    {
      type: 'docs-json',
      file: 'path/to/docs.json'
    }
  ]
};

The JSON file output by Stencil conforms to the JsonDocs interface in Stencil's public TypeScript declarations.

supplementalPublicTypes

As of Stencil v4 the JSON documentation generation functionality in Stencil supports a new configuration option, supplementalPublicTypes.

This functionality makes it easy to automatically document types and interfaces which otherwise wouldn't be included in the documentation that Stencil generates. By default, Stencil includes extensive information about the types used in the public APIs of all your components, meaning the properties on your components decorated with @Watch, @Event, @Prop and so on. This makes it easy to document your components' APIs; however, if your project uses other types which aren't found in the public API of a component then those types won't be included.

The new supplementalPublicTypes option fills in this gap by allowing you to designate a file of types which should be included in the output of the docs-json output target.

This information will be found in a top-level property called typeLibrary on the JSON output and will conform to the JsonDocsTypeLibrary interface in Stencil's public TypeScript declarations.

Using this option could look something like this:

stencil.config.ts

import { Config } from '@stencil/core';

export const config: Config = {
  outputTargets: [
    {
      type: 'docs-json',
      file: 'path/to/docs.json',
      supplementalPublicTypes: 'src/public-interfaces.ts',
    }
  ]
};

CSS Variables

Stencil can document CSS variables if you annotate them with JSDoc-style comments in your CSS/SCSS files. If, for instance, you had a component with a CSS file like the following:

src/components/my-button/my-button.css

:host {
  /**
   * @prop --background: Background of the button
   * @prop --background-activated: Background of the button when activated
   * @prop --background-focused: Background of the button when focused
   */
  --background: pink;
  --background-activated: aqua;
  --background-focused: fuchsia;
}

Then you'd get the following in the JSON output:

"styles": [
  {
    "name": "--background",
    "annotation": "prop",
    "docs": "Background of the button"
  },
  {
    "name": "--background-activated",
    "annotation": "prop",
    "docs": "Background of the button when activated"
  },
  {
    "name": "--background-focused",
    "annotation": "prop",
    "docs": "Background of the button when focused"
  }
]

note

This functionality works with both standard CSS and with Sass, although for the latter you'll need to have the @stencil/sass plugin installed and configured.

Slots

If one of your Stencil components makes use of slots for rendering children you can document them by using the @slot JSDoc tag in the component's comment.

For instance, if you had a my-button component with a slot you might document it like so:

src/components/my-button/my-button.tsx

import { Component, h } from '@stencil/core';

/**
 * @slot buttonContent - Slot for the content of the button
 */
@Component({
  tag: 'my-button',
  styleUrl: 'my-button.css',
  shadow: true,
})
export class MyButton {
  render() {
    return <button><slot name="buttonContent"></slot></button>
  }
}

This would show up in the generated JSON file like so:

"slots": {
  "name": "buttonContent",
  "docs": "Slot for the content of the button"
}

caution

Stencil does not check that the slots you document in a component's JSDoc comment using the @slot tag are actually present in the JSX returned by the component's render function.

It is up to you as the component author to ensure the @slot tags on a component are kept up to date.

Usage

You can save usage examples for a component in the usage/ subdirectory within that component's directory. The content of these files will be added to the usage property of the generated JSON. This allows you to keep examples right next to the code, making it easy to include them in a documentation site or other downstream consumer(s) of your docs.

caution

Stencil doesn't check that your usage examples are up-to-date! If you make any changes to your component's API you'll need to remember to update your usage examples manually.

If, for instance, you had a usage example like this:

src/components/my-button/usage/my-button-usage.md

# How to use `my-button`

A button is often a great help in adding interactivity to an app!

You could use it like this:

```html
<my-button>My Button!</my-button>
```

You'd get the following in the JSON output under the "usage" key:

"usage": {
  "a-usage-example": "# How to use `my-button`\n\nA button is often a great help in adding interactivity to an app!\n\nYou could use it like this:\n\n```html\n<my-button>My Button!</my-button>\n```\n"
}

Custom JSDocs Tags

In addition to reading the standard JSDoc tags, users can use their own custom tags which will be included in the JSON data without any configuration.

This can be useful if your team has your own documentation conventions which you'd like to stick with.

If, for example, we had a component with custom JSDoc tags like this:

import { Component, h } from '@stencil/core';

/**
 * @customDescription This is just the best button around!
 */
@Component({
  tag: 'my-button',
  styleUrl: 'my-button.css',
  shadow: true,
})
export class MyButton {
  render() {
    return <button><slot name="buttonContent"></slot></button>
  }
}

It would end up in the JSON data like this:

"docsTags": [
  {
    "name": "customDescription",
    "text": "This is just the best button around!"
  }
],